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This medication is a moisturizer designed to treat or prevent dry, rough, scaly, and itchy skin, as well as minor irritations such as diaper rash or skin burns from radiation therapy. Emollients in the product work by softening and moisturizing the skin, which helps reduce itching and flaking. Ingredients like zinc oxide and white petrolatum are primarily used to protect the skin from irritation, such as from moisture. Dry skin results from loss of water in the skin's outer layer. To combat this, emollients create an oily layer on the skin's surface to retain moisture. Common emollients include petrolatum, lanolin, mineral oil, and dimethicone. Additionally, humectants such as glycerin, lecithin, and propylene glycol draw moisture into the skin's outer layer. Some formulations contain ingredients like urea and alpha hydroxy acids (such as lactic, citric, and glycolic acids) that soften keratin, the substance binding skin cells, to help dead skin cells shed, enhance moisture retention, and leave the skin smoother and softer.